Submarines were made to withstand the enormous pressure at depth as humans cannot survive in this hostile environment.
On the 12th of October 1900, The USS Holland (SS-1) became the first commissioned submarine. Build by John Philip Holland in the earlier years, then named Holland VI was the 6th iteration of the design then. It was purchased for $150,000 on April 11th, 1900. At the christening, Holland VI after some modifications was renamed USS Holland (SS-1).
It was under the codename of Operation Sandblast that, in 1960, the USS Triton (SSRN-586), a nuclear-powered submarine executed the first submerged circumnavigation of the world. It followed the same tracks as the first one by Ferdinand Magellan. The vessel surfaced only once to drop a sick soldier.
Around the year of 1620 while working for the royal navy a dutch man named Cornelius Van Drebbel constructed the first submersible vessel. He even took King James I as a passenger on a tryout under the Thames. In the following 3 to 4 years he is said to have build at least two more submersible vessels.
Franz Kessler drew plans for a new dive bell in 1616. An improvement was that glass ports were added to allow the diver to see. Another feature is that the bell seemed untethered. However, this bell was never used and lives only as a design.
In 1691, Edmond Halley build a diving bell with air supplied from the surface. Extending the length of the stay. This was done using weighted barrels filled at the surface with air and then sent down. Halley and five others stayed at 18 meters for over an hour during a demonstration of his invention.